Door Access Control Review

Door access control systems have been around for many years. The early units used centralized control panels with simple card readers at the doors. To install these systems the readers were wired to a controller and then back to a central control panel. They also required power to be wired to each of the locks usually from a separate control panel.

Over the years more intelligent devices were developed, and now most of the intelligence is located at the reader near the door. The latest IP door readers make use of the Ethernet PoE network and are very easy to install. This article reviews the pros and cons of both systems and compares the cost of installation.

We have used a 6 reader system as an example. Let’s start with the cost comparison. First we looked at the older centralized system with control panel. I’m leaving out the cost for door locks, sensors and Rex buttons because it’s the same in both cases.

Centralized System

Equipment Cost
Cost for the Equipment consists of the readers and the central box with power supply.
Each door requires a door controller and a prox card reader.
6 - Door controllers = $510 x 6 = $3060
6 - Prox readers = 194 x 6 = $1164

The central control box and power supply is required:
1- Site Controller $568
1- Software $768 (This can be a lot higher depending on company)
1- Power supply $495
Total $1831

Grand Total for equipment and software - $ 10,985

Wiring

Traditional 18-2 or composite wiring from the panel to the reader can range from $0.90 to $1.30 per foot. Assuming the 6 readers average 50 feet from the panel at minimum wiring cost will be $270


Installation
Installation is a variable because it depends on the prep work for mounting panel enclosure, distance from the central box, the type of walls and ceilings, and other physical considerations in the building. It goes without saying that multi-building installation adds to the complexity. We used the labor costs at one installation which required about 5 days at about $1000 per day = $5000

Total cost for the system is $16,255.00

IP Reader System
The new all-in-one Isonas door access reader-controller connects right to the network and doesn’t use a central control box. The credential database is entered into a computer running Crystal Matrix software. All this information is downloaded to each of the readers so even if the network goes down, the reader can still control entry.




Equipment cost
Door access control reader-controller $700 x 6 = $4200
Software is free unless you need web based control = $500
8 port network switch with PoE support = $200
Total equipment is $4900

Wiring

Cat 5/6 wiring from the network switch to the reader-controller is about 0.30 per foot. Assuming the 6 doors average 50 feet from the network switch the wiring cost will be $90.00


Installation
Labor cost is again somewhat variable but since there are fewer devices to configure and install at the door physical installation is simplified. As for electrical work, since wiring of the reader-controller to the door strike is contained at the door and PoE supplies power to the lock, we have cut out the need for wiring back to one central point. Thus labor costs are much less. Typically an install requires ½ the time and resources to install so 3 days at $1000 per day is $3000 for labor.

The total system cost is then $7,990.

Summary

Classic System
The classic system has been around for many years so there are many experienced licensed electricians available

IP Reader System
Since the new IP systems use computer networks, a new breed of installers with network and computer expertise is required. The good news is that this can be an in-house self-installation for many organizations that have an IT staff. They have been running the network wire to computers so they have no problem connecting to the same RJ45 connections that are used by computers. The only things they may need help with are installation of the electric locks. In this case they can bring in locksmiths who are familiar with these types of locks. The locksmith installs the electric lock and wires to the pigtail of the reader.

Integration with other systems
Since the IP access control uses the network it's very easy to integrate into an IP camera system. By connecting Intercoms to the IP camera, a remote person can manually release the door. The audio connections go through the camera and find their way back to the safety station that's running Video Management Software. When the call button is pushed on the intercom the safety station is notified by an alarm sound, and the safety officer can see and talk to the person at the door. They can then unlock the door by pushing a button on their computer screen.





Deployment across a Campus
IP systems have another major advantage. They can be deployed anywhere you have a network connection, so if you have multiple buildings connected over a LAN or WAN the IP system can make use of this network and easily communicate to the central control software on a computer in one of the buildings.



Conclusion
Network attached IP door access systems are very easy to install and have excellent flexibility. They can be located across the campus or across the city as long as you have a network connection.

If you need help defining your door access control system, please contact us at 1-800-431-1658 (in the USA) or + 914-944-3425 or use our contact form.

The Lightning's Thief

Contributed by Virginia Fair

Once upon a time a major university installed IP cameras throughout its campus in reaction to a wave of violence perpetrated against female students. All went well until a passing thunderstorm brought a lightning strike which just happened to hit an IP camera mounted on the parapet of a dorm. Of course the camera was destroyed, but have you ever heard the phrase “greased lightning”? It’s a very descriptive term for within seconds, the surge created by the lightning traveled through the network destroying both the server and the switch, creating havoc right down to the network cards in students’ laptops at the end of the cable runs.

Was there any collateral damage? Only if you count the building’s entire IT backbone, including the surveillance system which went down; in monetary terms, over $100,000. But beyond money, the greater loss was the female students’ sense of security. Without the cameras and network recorders they were left vulnerable until replacements could be secured.

How could this be? Was it possible that no one in the affected building had a surge protector in place? They probably did, but calling a lightning strike a power surge is like calling a tsunami a hot tub. It’s been said that lightning never strikes twice but the university was taking no chances. That’s when they realized the need for specialized surge protection. They could then protect their servers, IP cameras, and networks. But first things first, let’s start with a coup le of definitions

Volt
Voltage is a measure of this difference of potential electrical energy. Just as water flows out of a hose because there’s higher pressure at the faucet than at its other end, electric current flows from place to place due to an imbalance. One end of a wire has greater electric potential energy than the other, so, electric current flows from one end to the other.

Power surge
A surge in power occurs whenever the voltage exceeds the designated level, which in the USA is 120 volts and in Europe 240 volts.

Transient Voltage Surge Protectors
A transient voltage surge protector fits between the AC outlet and the equipment it is protecting. These are available with a single outlet or with a number of outlets like a power strip. There are also surge protectors that protect the network, including some that are designed specifically for IP cameras that use PoE.

Most surge protectors have a component called a metal oxide varistor or MOV which connects the hot power line to the outlet’s grounding wire so it can divert excessive voltage away from the device it is protecting. The MOV consists of three parts: a piece of metal oxide in the middle and two semiconductors. The semiconductors connect the hot power wire to the grounding line. The semiconductors have what is called variable resistance that see-saws in depending on the electric current. If the voltage flows below an optimum level, the semiconductors maintain a high resistance, keeping it in the circuit, if it rises above that level, the semiconductors adjust, drops to a lower resistance that dumps the excessive current to ground. If the voltage is correct, the MOV does nothing at all. Surge protectors such as those from Ditek have two modes of operation. In the first, it dumps power to ground. The second kicks in when the power is very high. It then will sacrifice itself by shorting to ground and burning out like a fuse.

Most transient voltage surges are the result of a boost of electrical charge anywhere in the power lines, increasing the electrical potential energy, which in turn increases the flow of current to your wall outlet. The usual suspects are voracious power hogs like air conditioners, elevators, and refrigerators that gobble up a lot of energy when their compressors and motors cycle on and off. Such brief sudden demands for power can upset the voltage flow in the system. Other surges can be attributed to downed power lines, faulty wiring or utility company’s equipment failures. In today’s world, where electricity flows from power plants through a complicated maze of lines, transformers, and more lines to our home and office walls, the possible points of failure are myriad, and any glitch can cause an uneven power flow. So installing a surge protector isn’t a case of preparing for if it’s preparing for when.

The diagram above shows an example of a network system with IP cameras that is protected by various surge devices. More or less surge protectors can be added depending on the environment. One precautionary warning though, is lightning. We travel a slippery slope when it comes to a lightning strike. A direct lightning hit to the wire or device itself will not only fry them but will take out the surge protector, but lightning that strikes nearby causes a surge that can usually be controlled by a surge protector.

Need help with protecting your equipment? We carry a full line of Ditek Gigabit capable protectors. Models range from theMRJPOE, meant for single inputs and protect power, data, and video on up to The DTK-RM16C5 with a 16 port protected panel which can protect a variety of network gear. Also available are 12 port panels compatible with PoE current requirements, and single protectors to protect up to 8 megapixel IP video.

Call us - before lightning strikes. We can be reached at 800-431-1658, 914-944-3425 (outside the USA) or just use our contact form.

Let the Recorder Beware

Contributed by Virginia

These premises are under video surveillance.
Convenience stores post this no nonsense warning at their front doors. Banks who display a height chart at their exit door are indirectly issuing the same warning.

This conversation may be recorded for training purposes.
Most if not all companies and utilities issue this warning before connecting a customer to a representative.

Surveillance is a given these days. In most cases the camera warnings are intended to warn the “bad guys”, and the recording notice is for “the rest of us.” The majority of people take these messages as givens and the concept rarely registers. A few however will protest that to record the conversation is unconstitutional and violates their rights under the Fourth Amendment: “The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.”

This provision was ratified by Congress and added to the U.S. Constitution on December 15, 1791. Over the years, its scope has been the target of arguments and interpretations in courts high and low all the way up to The Supreme Court. But two hundred and ten years later the events of one day, September 11, 2001 blunted resistance to surveillance literally over night.

It’s hard to venture out in 2011 without your presence being documented on someone’s surveillance tape. Airports, parking garages, parking lots, building lobbies and elevators, stores of every kind, hospitals, parks, you name it, cameras are in use. Washington DC, among other locales, is in the midst of creating a city wide surveillance system, consolidating and integrating more than 5,000 cameras already deployed independently by multiple district entities. When completed nearly 5.6 million people will be monitored daily.

The post-9/11 era has provided fertile ground for the development of more sophisticated, more affordable systems. The sales of IP video surveillance systems are on the rise. IMS Research reports that 2010 sales grew by 10% over the previous year with the market for IP Cameras growing almost three times as fast as the total surveillance market.

Yet let us not forget that while this shift in our sensitivity has been cultural, it has not been legal. One question needs to be asked. In our heightened vigilance against terrorism and crime, are we undermining privacy rights? Are we out and out breaking the law? Systems integrators need to stop and think about this as well.

Audio recordings fall under the Electronic Communications Privacy Act of 1986. The ECPA is an amendment to Title lll of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (the Wiretap Act) extending restrictions on wiretaps beyond phone calls to include electronic data transmissions. As written, it protects wire, oral, and electronic communications as they are being made, are in transit, or when they are stored on computers. It applies to email, telephone conversations, and data stored electronically.
So how does this apply in the real world? As mentioned before, in most municipalities, if you leave your house you’re going to end up on a video recording somewhere, and that’s that. But any conversation you may be having is still considered private. For the most part, business owners are okay if they display camera warning signs but the same is not true when it comes to audio recording. They can videotape all they want, but they are on thin ice when it comes to audio recording. Federal law permits very few exceptions to the rule. This brings up the question of that taping warning you hear while on hold awaiting customer service. What of it?

State laws cover the recordings of telephone conversations and this is where it becomes complicated. Each state has its own particular wording but it boils down to the need for one party or two party consent. One party consent requires the recording party to inform the other party that she is being recorded. Two party consent goes one step further and requires the recorded party to give consent. Under ether law if a person stays on the line it is implied consent. Thirty eight states and the District of Columbia are one party states while twelve states, California, Connecticut, Florida, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Montana, Nevada, New Hampshire, Pennsylvania, and Washington require both parties to consent.

Audio capability is not a problem if it is not being recorded; for example when a video camera is being used to monitor entrance to a facility. In this scenario an intercom with a call button is located at an electronically locked door. Both the button and the intercom are connected to an IP camera. In most cases the audio is not recorded. You can use a standard web browser (like Internet Explorer) to view and talk to the person at the door or you can use Video Management Software that supports two-way audio. For example, ONSSI offers Ocularis software tying this all together, displaying the video, (recording it if required) as well as allowing the person at the computer to talk to the person at the door. When the button is pushed a signal on a dedicated computer sounds and the video from the entrance camera is displayed on its monitor. After conferring with the visitor via the intercom, the security officer if he so wishes, pushes a release button that unlocks the door.

However the issue is so complex that many manufacturers are loath to even offer audio recording capability. End-users are wise to remember that if they record audio there is the possibility that they may face legal issues and integrators should keep in mind they may be implicated as well. Seeking legal advice beforehand might be a wise precaution.

If you need help with a system that includes audio, just contact us and we will help you define the right system. We can be reached at 914-944-3425 or 1-800-431-1658 (in the USA), or use our contact form.

No Drive Thru Window at Kintronics

Everyone is familiar with the drive thru window, even if they’ve never frequented one. We’ve all seen the lines of cars, inching forward one at a time toward the intercom at the side of the building, be it MacDonalds, KFC, Taco Bell, etc. A brightly lit menu displays the variations and prices of the tacos, burgers, or fried chicken, but for the most part, drivers and riders already know what they want, and are ready to place their orders as soon as they hear the voice bark from the speaker order please!

Sounds simple right? Place order, drive round to window, hand off money, receive bag of food, drive home or to the park and enjoy your meal. This is true most of the time, but sometimes things don’t quite line up right, like when a Big Mac devotee tears into his bag, flips open the styrofoam box and finds…. a fish sandwich. This is exactly what we strive to avoid at Kintronics. That’s why we ask so many questions.

How wide an area do you want to view? How far away is the viewing area? This determines the best lens to use.

If you’re looking for an IP camera system, we want to make sure we specify the right camera. We don’t want you to open the box and get any unpleasant surprises. That’s why we ask

• What is the lighting at night? This determines the low light sensitivity required and whether we should suggest lighting.
• Are the cameras to be used indoors or outdoors? This determines whether we should suggest day/night cameras and enclosures.
• What is the environment – salt air, etc? This determines if you need special enclosures IP66.How cold and hot does it get? This determines if a heater and blower is required.Are you watching people gambling, walking, moving cars? How fast are they moving? This determines the frame rate required.
• How many cameras do you need? This determines what software, computer and storage is required.

Maybe you’re in the market for an access control system? In that case, be prepared to let us know

• How many doors do you want to control?
• Indoor or outdoor?
• What type of lock do you need
• How many people will control the credentials and access
• What type of credential do you prefer – HID or Isonas?

If you’re looking for paging or PA over IP we need to determine the correct sound level output (decibel [dB]), the number and type of speakers, consoles, amplifiers, and transformers , and whether power supplies or PoE is best. So be prepared for

• In how many areas do you want sound?
• What is the background noise level?
• Indoors or outdoors?
• How large is each of the areas?
• What type of ceilings do you have – solid drop, etc.?

Like a Big Mac, some systems may fit many customers needs, but that doesn’t mean this is a one solution fits all world. So when you call, make sure we know your objectives and feel free to send us pictures, diagrams, even maps. This way we can perform an engineering analysis and ensure you get what you expect. At the heart of it, Kintronics is an engineering company, providing engineering specific and complete system solutions for each application.

If you need some engineering assistance please contact us. We can be reached at 914-944-3425 or 1-800-431-1658 (in the USA), or use our contact form.

New Cameras from IQinvision

IQinVision has released its newest version of the popular Sentinel HD Megapixel line of IP cameras. Like the line it is replacing the full featured all-weather outdoor camera comes in four models offering the user a choice of resolutions

• The IQ861NE with 1.0 megapixel /HD720p (1280Px720p)
• IQ862NE - 2.0MP/HD1080p (1920x1080)
• IQ863NE 3.6MP(2560x1440)
• IQ865NE 5.0MP (2592x1944)

The Sentinel makes installing easier. Using the One-Touch-Focus feature, fine focus adjustments can be made from a remote computer, eliminating the need for manual focusing at the camera. With its Ethernet terminal punch-down there is no need to terminate with an RJ45 connector. And although it is a simple feature, installers will appreciate the steel camera hangers that allow the use of both hands.

The new Sentinel cameras provide multiple, individually configured H.264 and simultaneous MJPEG streams. The H.264 standard builds on earlier standards such as MPEG-2 and MPEG-4 resulting in better compression performance. Compared with MPEG-4, H.264 gives a better quality image at the same compressed bitrate. In addition to its superior compression performance, H.264 offers added flexibility over MPEG-4 in terms of transmission or storage, including a packetized format and features that help minimize the effect of transmission errors.

The Sentinel can be considered green in that it has a power consumption of less than 7 watts, which is lower than many similar cameras. It can also operate using Power-over-Ethernet. In addition to the aforementioned features, all four models come with

• Day/night moveable IR filter
• Lightgrabber low light feature
• IP66/NEMA 4 outdoor enclosure
• Choice of telephoto, wide, or ultra-wide lens

All this plus IQinVisons standard three year warranty make any of the Sentinel cameras a wise choice. Contact Kintronics for pricing and availability. We can be reached at 914-944-3425 or use our contact form.

As Seen on TV

On Monday October 3, we all came to work here at Kintronics with the same question for each other. “Did you hear about Parkchester?” Why? Because one of the lead-in stories carried on the local news broadcast the previous morning had been “Brutal attack captured on video leads to arrest of suspect in Parkchester.”You might ask, what is Parkchester? And why is Kintronics so interested?

What is Parkchester?
Parkchester is a 129 acre condominium complex in the Bronx. It was developed and built by Metropolitan Life Insurance in 1939 as a self-contained apartment complex for middle class families. Family was the key word and concept and was paramount in its design. In 1972 a conversion to condominiums began with the creation of Parkchester North Condominium with 3,900 units. The process was completed in 1986 with the final 8,286 units that comprise Parkchester South. Walking along its winding sidewalks amidst shrubbery and occasional statuary is a delight, but driving through Parkchester is a nightmare. But this is the way it was meant to be.

To minimize traffic there are only two through streets, Union port Road, running from the northwest corner to the southeast, and Metropolitan Avenue, from southwest to northeast. They form an X, crossing at Metropolitan oval a landscaped seating plaza with pool of fountains in the very center All cars are required to navigate the roundabout that encircles it, effectively keeping the speed low. Met Life built these roads, as well as the sewers, water mains, and islands lining them, and when construction was completed to its satisfaction, deeded them all to New York City.

There are no real side streets in the sense of actually going anywhere. All offshoots of the main two roads are dead ends, provided solely for the purpose of deliveries and residents’ parking. In keeping with the desire to keep this a family -comfortable community, 52.5% of the 129 acres is given over to landscaping and recreation; of the remainder, 22% comprise streets, and 27.5% is occupied by buildings.

There are 171 buildings scattered throughout, in fifty one clusters, ranging in height from seven to thirteen stories. These buildings house 12,271 apartments. As if that didn’t constitute a city in itself, there are also one hundred shopping and commercial spaces. Residents can walk to two supermarkets, several pizzerias, bakeries, and delis, two banks, numerous clothing stores, two drug stores, cleaners, a movie theater and doctors and dentists of all specialties. Parkchester even has its own Macy’s! So now that you know what Parkchester is……

Why is Kintronics so interested?
Naturally we were appalled and sorry that the attack on an elderly man had occurred, but glad we could have had a part, no matter how miniscule, in the apprehension of the attacker. For You see, the police identified the perpetrator thanks to video captured by an Axis 207 IP cameras mounted in the front lobby of a building on Unionport Road and saved on a computer system using ONSSI software.

Kintronics provided consulting services to Parkchester South and its 116 buildings. We helped make sure we understood their objectives and helped determine which cameras were best for each location resulting in the installation of hundreds of IP cameras in building lobbies, outdoor spaces, and special areas requiring increased surveillance.

Security surveillance is not limited only to the grounds. Within the buildings elevators are being fitted with an alarm notification system consisting of alarms, two way intercoms to the safety officer’s station and cameras to allow the officers to evaluate the situation and react appropriately. The project is scheduled to be completed in Spring 2012

In many ways, the world has become a much scarier place than it was in 1939 but with the help of the comprehensive security system Parkchester is installing it can continue to be a place that offers a serene setting for its third generation of families.

To learn more about how to provide security and surveillance using IP Cameras, conact us at 914-944-3425 or use our contact form.